Contract Law Problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Agreement Law Problems - Essay Example ..any laws or guidelines coordinated toward upholding certain guarantees. In Australia contract law is principally controlled by the 'custom-based law', yet progressively rules are enhancing the custom-based law of agreement - especially corresponding to buyer security. â€Å" (Clarke, 2011). This law was once in the past referred to in lawful circles as the Trade Practices Act of 1974 yet was authoritatively renamed The Competition and Consumer Act 2010 on January 1, 2011 because of specific revisions that were made that â€Å"included a nullification of Part IVA (unconscionable lead), Part V (Consumer Protection, including s 52), Part VA (Manufacturer's Liability) and Part VC (offenses). The substance of the arrangements that were contained in those parts is presently contained in Schedule 2 of the Act which will be known as the 'Australian Consumer Law' and which, by temperance of empowering state and domain enactment, contains Australia's first broadly predictable customer law. â€Å" (Clarke, 2011). One must remember that a composed agreement is legitimately authoritative at the hour of marking and can't be changed nor denied because of specific conditions that got present after the agreement has been agreed upon. By marking an agreement, it turns into a lawfully restricting guarantee on both contracting gatherings to finish a settled upon commitment. Australian law necessitates that a specific situation must be available at the hour of the understanding for the composed archive to turn into a legitimate agreement. These components incorporate â€Å" a trading off offer and acknowledgment, thought, aim to make legitimate relations, consistence with any lawful conventions and that the gatherings have the lawful ability to contract. â€Å" (Clarke 2010). The agreement that Watertankz went into with Harry explicitly point by point what he needed to do as a customer so as to make the record that contained their value quote into a legitimately restricting agreement. To be explicit, their letter of correspondence plainly showed that all Harry needed to do was â€Å"please sign the encased terms and states of offer report and mail it back to us along with a 10% store. The statement is substantial until June 30 â€Å". I would then solicit Harry to observe from the legitimacy date of the statement that was sent to him, June 30. Under the understanding that was proposed and affirmed by the organization signatories, his privileges as their customer and their commitment to satisfy the understanding is unmistakably illuminated. For whatever length of time that Harry signs the record and gets the report and the check store via the post office before June 30, the agreement is presently lawfully authoritative. Thusly, there are currently lawful endorses set up ought to either party choose to renege on their arrangement before the cutoff time (Government of South Australia, Contract Law, 2009). Much the same as some other organization in the open assistance, the cost of Watertankz supplies and other relevant materials may see an expansion in cost at some random second. Which is actually what occurred on account of Harry. The expense of materials for Watertankz rose strongly on the main day of June, which would cut into their net revenue or post a shortfall for their organization profit. Thus, it us justifiable that they modify their costs in like manner. In any case, the law of agreements obviously demonstrates that they can't reject and formal agreement offers that they shut inside a particular time span, paying little mind to the expansion in costs for their own organization. The law as a result, ensures the

Benchmarks And Goal Setting Education Essay Free Essays

Grown-up researchers carry a specific arrangement of fortunes to the plain cluster when they chose to go on their guidance. Their finishes will in general be extremely unique in relation to those of more youthful researchers. They will in general pass on a bunch of life encounters with them that influence the way they see larning. We will compose a custom paper test on Benchmarks And Goal Setting Education Essay or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now The benchmarks that they set ought to be truly come-at-capable and mensurable so the researcher can understanding as though they are doing the progression that they need to. Grown-up researchers are truly objective situated. They need to see that they are doing headway and want to achieve achievement. Numerous adult researchers feel at danger in an instructive so as to achieve a fruitful and synergistic meeting, facilitators must demo their respect and backing for adult researchers. Puting single closures and mensurating achievement is an essential achievement for some researchers today. Contingent upon the individual, finishes might be set intentionally or subliminally. On the off chance that this methodology is applied to the obtaining condition understudies ought to be given the apparatuses of objective scene and achievement observing. A figure of research laborers have proposed that objective setting examples can be utile, can affect scholarly achievement and can hinder understudy scraped area. In add-on, it was proposed that providing non only objective setting designs however next to joining these examples with progress input can hold a much more noteworthy outcome on scholarly achievement than convey oning objective setting exercises completely without advantage of instructor criticism. It has been indicated that the undermentioned three boss variables, defining objectives, self-appraisal of open introduction against the closures, and having instructor in put have been generally useful for researchers in achieving achievement ( Kato, 2009 ) . Andragogy is perchance the principal securing hypothesis explicitly for adults. It follows the reason that adults learn in any case than kids since they have had more beneficial encounters and are independent. It other than holds that data must be utilized not long after its introduction for adults to acknowledge and assimilate the securing. Also, Knowles distinguishes a few nations that characterize the way adults learn. Grown-up researchers have extraordinary exchange of understanding to add to the obtaining condition. Teachers can regularly use this as an asset. Grown-ups hope to hold a high evaluation of effect on instructive subjects and how they are to be taught. Grown-ups need dynamic commitment in planing and actualizing their instructive plans. Grown-ups must perceive the importance of any new procurement. Grown-up researchers look frontward to holding a high evaluation of effect on how their procurement will be assessed. Grown-ups expect their criticism on the arrangement à ¢â‚¬Ëœs headway to be followed up on in an auspicious way ( Kelly, 2006 ) . Grown-up researchers are truly objective arranged. They need to see that they are doing progression and want to achieve. Numerous adult researchers feel at danger in an instructive scene. Confidence and pomposity can be undermined in a situation that is non seen as sheltered and strong. So as to achieve a fruitful and synergistic meeting, facilitators must demo their respect and backing for adult researchers ( Kelly, 2006 ) . Self-ruling obtaining ( SDL ) achievements are the oftentimes the establishment of belly to-tomb securing. Instructing means to achieve in any event two vital finishes for all students: to build comprehension as to curious substance and to create achievements that will work understudies great, even past the earth of a particular class. It has been discovered that from a schoolroom test that was intended to quantify understudy open introduction with respect to the second finish of aptitude obtaining, explicitly the achievement of self-governing securing ( SDL ) was a large portion of import ( Dynan, Cate and Rhee, 2008 ) . A fruitful objective setting technique that centers around heading and securing is cardinal to acceptable instructive example. Puting closes permits adult guidance understudies to specify what they need to help through and gives a benchmark to both single and plan open introduction. Objective scene is a synergistic method that includes researchers in, setting and entering their closures, discovering whether the finishes are come-at-capable and mensurable, making a course of events for achieving them dependent on a proper instructional program and applicable procurement exercises and set uping an office for occasional reappraisal and change of their closures ( NRS Tips: Learner Goals and NRS Goalsaa‚â ¬ † Making the Connection, n.d. ) . The best closures that can be set regularly have five essential highlights: Exact finishes let students cognize what they are trying for and give them an unmistakable imprint at which to take. Quantifiable closures permit students to cognize when they have accomplished their finishes. Accomplishable closures are those inside a studentaa‚â ¬a„?s run. Sensible finishes accomplish a harmony between compelling students to their limits and non upsetting them. Time-restricted closures make due day of the months that push students to complete an end. A course of events ought to remember intermittent checks for headway ( NRS Tips: Learner Goals and NRS Goalsaa‚â ¬ † Making the Connection, n.d. ) . Setting up adult researcher closes characterizes the nations wherein heading and procurement will be centered in add-around to providing a benchmark by which plans and students study progression. To work this twofold goal, it is key to recognize short and since quite a while ago run mileposts. It is important to refresh the studentaa‚â ¬a„?s end decision if their situation changes. It might be fit to abridge the pick of specific finishes when their decision is wrong. Projects must flexibly direct with the goal that adult researchers select depicting closes that are reasonable. Plans are urged to use presence of mind while helping understudies pick closes ( Requirements for Student Intake and Description of OAE Adult Learner Assessment Policies and Procedures, 2008 ) . Physical and subjective modifications that accept topographic point as individuals age are of import to watch since they can hold an effect on adult obtaining and on the finishes that they set: More seasoned understudies have more slow response times than more youthful researchers. They need more clasp to larn new things as they age, all things considered, when adults can order the walk of securing, they can often strongly balance for their insufficiency of speed and larn new things effectively. Vision regularly decreases from the age of 18 to 40. After 40 there is a fresh reduction for the accompanying 15 mature ages, however after age 55 the lessening in vision happens at a more slow rate. Around at age 70 a people hearing Begins to compound forcefully and an individual starts sing employments with pitch, volume, and pace of reaction. Loss of hearing can be made up for through the use of hearing AIDSs, yet every now and again more established students might be humiliated by their hearing misfortune and experience less sure. This decrease in confirmation can go a more noteworthy hinderance to larning than the physical disablement. Hardly any progressions have been found in both centripetal and short-run memory as an individual ages, yet long haul memory decreases. More established adults have a harder clasp geting and recouping data and they experience inconveniences in framing new stuff and in treating it. More established adults are non each piece capable as more youthful researchers in preliminaries of callback, however the contrasts among more seasoned and more youthful researchers in preliminaries of affirmation are nearly nothing or missing. At the point when logical obtaining strategies are utilized, less reductions have been found in the memory technique as an individual ages. The most employments with memory for more seasoned researchers happen with futile obtaining, complex securing, and the procurement of new things that require reappraisal of old securing ( Adult Learning, n.d. ) . Choice Grown-up researchers carry a specific arrangement of fortunes to the plain cluster when they chose to go on their guidance. Their finishes are extremely not quite the same as those of more youthful researchers as a result of the way that they have so much beneficial experience to trust upon. The benchmarks that they set should be non just come-at-capable yet alongside should be extremely mensurable so the researcher can understanding as though they are doing the progression that they need to. Instructions to refer to Benchmarks And Goal Setting Education Essay, Essay models

Tattooing Is An Art Form Example

Tattooing Is An Art Form Example Tattooing Is An Art Form â€" Essay Example > Tattooing is an Art FormIntroductionTattooing remains to be one of the greatest human artistic expressions with the longest history. Background information provides that tattooing is a story for global cultural exchange that was started as an art. While scholars have attempted to argue that the term came from ‘tatau’ (denoting ‘art’ in Samoan and Tahitian), the history of tattoo as an art stretches beyond these views. Perhaps conceptualizing periods when the islands of the Pacific that European sailors met the body art. Research studies that have attempted to interview tattooed people have indicated that decisions for tattooing were because it is a fascinating art (Timming 2015). On the other hand, the socio-genesis researches that have surveyed the aspect of tattoo with regard to art and cult found that the practice did not only originate as art but were considered as artistic expressions done through body markings (Atkinson 2003). The historical perspectives of tattooist s have provided different approach in which studies have conceptualized the aspect of tattoo. Research surveys on background information of tattoo have realized that tattooists considered their works as an art for museum treasures---an art intended to make humankind in touch with the universe’s creative impulse. On the other hand, there have been arguments that some tattooing elements are not fit enough to be associated with art. These arguments have often associated tattoo with cult. While the arguments on the artistic nature of tattoo remains multifaceted, this study critically assess the extent to which tattoo is indeed an art. Premised on the thesis statement or contention that indeed tattooing is an art, the essay will review contemporary studies that have argued for and against the contention. Tattooing has a Long History as ArtJust like any other art, tattooing has a long history for many centuries, which has delivered different meaning in each country. Researching on “ The Sociogenesis of a Body Art” Atkinson (2003), the scholar interviewed tattooed individuals and tattooists and his conclusion on the data collected likened the history of tattoo to any other form of art. His case study is centralized on elements such as cosmetic surgery and body piercing. For as long as body piercing and cosmetic surgeries share the same history as tattooing, there is paucity of comprehensive research that have contested the artistic nature of tattoo. The point of argument Atkinson (2003) attempts to develop is that body piercing is already considered an art not because of its uniqueness or resemblance with other forms of art but because it shares the same sociological origin with other forms of art. Additionally, just like cosmetic surgery and body piercing, Atkinson (2003) finds through evidence based literatures that tattooing is an art made to represent one’s personality and social backgrounds. Conversely, there is an indication, from tattooed individual s and tattooist that for many decades, tattooing has delivered different meaning as an art. These meanings have been conceptualized differently depending on social set up of each country. The empirical findings by Atkinson (2003) have also been supported by Baumann, Timming and Gollan (2016) who have shown that the long history of tattoo qualifies it as an art. According to results from their surveys and interviews, every country has unique expressions of tattoos as artistic symbols that represents or resonates well with a given cultural belief. The scholars observed that historically, American had considered tattoo as ‘undesirable’ class, what was once linked with biker or criminal milieu slowly transformed, over decades, to be regarded as one of the artistic expressions used to communicate personal style. Indeed, the history stretches to the period when artists who travelled on the voyages sketched different designs on their bodies that were later found on the island; this wa s perhaps the origin of the creative artwork.

Apple one of the best company in today century. Apple was...

Apple one of the best company in today century. Apple was started in 1976 by two handsome guys, Steve Job and Steve Wozniak. Job and Wozniak meet each other through a mutual friend they both knew. They had some much in common and one of those was the love for electronic. Wozniak use too designs computers before he meets jobs, so he was very advance when it comes to electronics and designing computer, it was Jobs intelligent and creative thinking made these two a perfect match. Job and Wozniak were both 21 of age when they started Apple computer. They started this little business in Jobs family garage. In order to make money to buy equipment Jobs and Wozniak had to both sacrifice something valuable so they can raise money.†¦show more content†¦Steve Jobs enlightens his personal knowledge and thoughts to enforce others to follow their passion and occupation without caring about inessential element. In 2003, Steve Jobs was diagnosed with cancer. Doctor told him that he will on ly live for six months. However, came to find out that the cancer could be cured by surgery. After this devastating experience, Steve said, â€Å"Remembering that you are going to die is the best way to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose† (Jobs). He also says make each day count and treat them like if it were your last. It is the best way to not get held back. There will be so many obstacles that you will come across but never let this slow you down, you have to be strong leap over those obstacles and reach for your destiny. Steve Job never let his sickness be an excuse for him to stop working. This company meant so much to Steve job and he work 24/7 just to come up with new creative electronic. As of today, Apple has come out with ton of great electronic. MacBook Air, iPod and iPhone, have all guided the progression of modern technology. Every time Apple releases a new product, competitors scramble to produce similar technologies. Apple product is very high in quality and that what make them different from competitor, its products are also unique and attractive and this has helped to increase its market shares. Since Apple is known globally, 54% of theirShow MoreRelatedManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesHughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval

Pancreatic Cancer - 2232 Words

The pancreas is a part of the endocrine system, and is located in the abdominal cavity surrounded by the liver, gallbladder, spleen, and stomach. The pancreas processes both exocrine and endocrine function. The exocrine function consists of the secretion of digestive enzymes into the duodenum through ducts. The enzymes digest starches and fats. The endocrine functions are a cluster of cells called the islets of Langerhans and only make up 2% of the pancreatic tissue. The islets of Langerhans is made up of three cells, alpha, beta, and delta. There function is to secrete hormones and paracrine products. The most important hormones secreted are insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Alpha cells secrete glucagon, which increase†¦show more content†¦Jaundice occurs when there is an increased amount of bilirubin in the blood, this occurs with liver involvement. The liver is the site of bilirubin breakdown and elimination into the stool. When the liver is affected by cancer it cannot excrete bilirubin effectively. A new diagnosis of Diabetes Militias can occur, due to the impaired function of the pancreas to secrete important hormones that control blood glucose. Splenomegaly is caused by blood flow backing up into the spleen, caused by compression of the portal vein by the tumor. Hepatomegaly is caused by tumor growth on the liver. Key Nursing assessment Assess for pain given the rate of metastasize cancer could affect many organ and become very pain full. Assess the presents of Jaundice. If Jaundice is present it gives a good indicator that the cancer has spread to gallbladder and liver. Fatigue is common among these patients. You will need a consult from PT, to assess their needs for assistance with mobility, ADL. Talk with patient about support system. Only 3% of individual’s diagnosed with pancreatic cancer live past 5 years. Most patient diagnosed pass away within the first year. Risk Factors The cause of pancreatic cancer is unknown, patient at risk are those between the age of 60 to 80 years old and with a history of smoking. Other factors for development of pancreatic cancer are Diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis,Show MoreRelatedPancreatic Cancer : The Cancer1084 Words   |  5 PagesPancreatic Cancer Pancreatic cancer is the cancer of the pancreas. The pancreas is an organ between the spine and the stomach, and is about 6 inches long. The pancreas is also made up of two major components named the exocrine and the endocrine. A person has to have a pancreas to survive and this cancer can cause a rapid decline in health and eventually death. To prevent this cancer, a person needs to stop smoking, maintain a healthy weight, and check up with your sugar. Stop Smoking The problemRead MoreEssay On Pancreatic Cancer750 Words   |  3 PagesSurgery: Localized Disease Approximately 20% of pancreatic cancer is found to be operable or resectable. The complete resection of the primary lesion is best treatment for patients with localized pancreatic cancer. However the risk of both local and distal recurrence is high in following resection. In early stage pancreatic cancer the complete resection are associated with considerable morbidity in 40–60% of patients and mortality in less than 3% of patients (Sohn et al., 2000; Winter et al., 2006)Read MoreCauses And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer1573 Words   |  7 PagesPancreatic Cancer What exactly is the pancreas it is an organ that makes insulin and enzymes for digestion. The pancreas is located behind the lower part of the stomach and is about the size of a hand (National Institute of Health, n.d.). Pancreatic cancer is a disease that targets the Pancreas. Can start out as pancreatitis, which can be acute inflammation of the pancreas or the hereditary and even the deadliest chronic pancreatitis. The chronic form can devastate and debilitate the patient thisRead MorePancreatic Cancer : Cancer And Cancer974 Words   |  4 PagesPancreatic cancer occurs when build up of cancerous cells develop within the tissues of the pancreas. The build up of those cells can go on undetected for quite some time before pain or any symptoms show themselves. Also some of the pains can be mistaken for symptoms of some other less severe conditions. The pancreas is the organ that produces digestive juices and hormones that regulate blood sugar. Cells called exocrine pancreas cells pr oduce the digestive juices, while cells called endocrine pancreasRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer1763 Words   |  8 Pagespancreas (IPMN-p) are one of the subtypes of cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. They are neoplasms that arise in the pancreatic ducts and can be visualized as they are usually greater than 0.5 inch in length. They are comprised of tall mucin-producing columnar cells, that have the capability of transforming into pancreatic cancer if left untreated. Their ability to develop into pancreatic cancer is one of the main reasons behind their significance. IPMNs commonly exhibit cell atypia, papillary propagationRead MoreThe Truth About Pancreatic Cancer Essay1338 Words   |  6 Pages1.1 Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease that is ranked fourth among cancer-related deaths in Norway. 31 Yearly 600-650 new cases are detected, corresponding to 7 per 100 000 inhabitant. The survival rate five years after diagnosis is very low, at only 5 %. 19 Approximately 90 % of patients diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer survive less than one year, with a median survival of 5-6 months. The high mortality rate is connected to late diagnosis, early metastasis andRead MorePancreatic Cancer : A Form Of Cancer1273 Words   |  6 PagesPancreatic Cancer is a form of cancer in which malignant cancer cells invade the pancreas, a gland that produces digestive fluid and hormones that regulate blood sugar. There are two types of pancreatic cancer: exocrine and endocrine cancer. The malignant cells can infiltrate either the exocrine pancreatic cells, responsible for digestive fluid, or the endocrine pancreatic cells, responsible for regulatory hormones. If the pancreas’ ex ocrine cells are affected metabolic functions are slowed or stoppedRead MoreIntroduction Of Cancer And Pancreatic Cancer2209 Words   |  9 PagesI. Introduction of Cancer and Pancreatic Cancer The human body is composed of trillions of living cells. Normal body cells develop, split to make new cells, and perish in a systematized manner. During the course of a human’s primary years, they are still developing and normal cells divide more rapidly. When a child grows into an adult, majority of cells divide for the sole purpose of replacing exhausted, impaired, or dying cells. Cancer originates in cells that are part of the body that starts toRead MoreCauses And Treatments Of Pancreatic Cancer832 Words   |  4 PagesHailey Luckie English 1301 Mrs.Bacon 23 October 2015 Pancreatic Cancer Cancer is a number one cause of death in both men and women around the world. Pancreatic cancer holds a survival rate of just 6% of people surviving within five years after being diagnosed, and there is still no definite cure to the deadly diagnosis. A majority of pancreatic cancer patients fight a long, tiring battle that they usually cannot defeat. Although, this cancer may be very deadly there are many early diagnosis proceduresRead MoreCauses And Treatment Of Pancreatic Cancer2511 Words   |  11 PagesAbstract: Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with the 4th highest mortality amongst all cancers. Causes of such high mortality include rapid proliferation, late diagnosis and lack of treatment options available. New therapy aiming to decrease mortality in pancreatic cancer patients aim to work with oncolytic viruses to halt the cell cycle pathway. One of the more promising mutations is the E1A-CR2-deleted AD5 mutants however there are many different types of mutated viruses aimed at

Influence of Internet on Family Communication About Sexuality Free Essays

string(126) " and the children were more prone to discuss topics like drug abuse and alcohol with their children than other sexual topics\." The Influence of the Internet in Family Communication about Sexuality Christo Jose Central New Mexico Community College ABSTRACT The mass media are an increasingly accessible way for people to learn about and see sexual behavior. Out of all the mass media today, adolescents use the television and the internet more than any other media resource. The use of internet has risen exponentially in the last few years and within a year, it is estimated that 90% of all families with children will have access to the internet. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Internet on Family Communication About Sexuality or any similar topic only for you Order Now The word sex is the most popular search term used on the Internet today. The Internet may have both positive and negative effects on sexual health. Internet bombards the minds of the teens these days with images of sex almost every single day. Aside from the daily dose of sexuality and eroticism provided by the mainstream media, 50% of all adolescents have said that they have encountered unwanted pornographic material on the internet. Many studies have been conducted to determine the extent of communication between adolescents and parents about sexuality. It has often been shown that students are more likely to turn to friends and the media before discussing this topic with their parents. The availability of a large and wide scale of information on the internet and the freedom from the embarrassment of confrontation has compelled many adolescents in this path. Because of this, fewer families discuss sex and abstinence in their families. One study has found that the patterns of sexuality communication in a family are also dependent on the gender of the parents as well as the child. Preadolescents who have communicated with their parents about sexuality have been shown to go to their parents for more advice when they are older. The internet does play a very important role in children communicating with their parents about sexuality. The internet provides a wide array of information that can lead or mislead children based on where they look for information. Some studies show that the use of internet in families have reduced the family communication and has led to less and less time spent with the family. This leads to a strain in communication between the children and the parents and this lack of communication makes it uneasy on the children to go to their parents when in need of information about their sexuality. The mainstream mass media (movies, music, T. V. , magazines and the internet) provide frequent and sometimes explicit images of sexuality. Available studies show that the media do have an impact because the media keep sexual behavior on public and personal agendas, media portrayals reinforce a relatively consistent set of sexual and relationship norms, and the media rarely depict sexually responsible models. In the Unites States, children spent about a third of their time a day exposed to some form of mass media. Patterns of media use vary greatly based on age, gender, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic level. Thus, one can never be sure that a message sent out through any form of media is interpreted as the same by the various people exposed to them. The internet being a bottomless pit of information can never be fully trusted. Though the internet provides more explicit material on sex than any other media, most of these are along the lines of pornography and do more harm than good. The internet, being a product of normal people, isn’t always accurate and can provide information that are biased and may not always prove to be useful. The personal opinions and tips expressed in many websites aren’t usually based on any scientific or medical facts and can thus mislead children looking for information. In a study conducted in 1993, adolescents (aged 15-17) put their friends first, then parents and then the media for sources to acquire information about sexuality. Today, the media has risen in rank and leads as the main source of information for adolescents. Among the various forms of media, internet maintains the top spot. The anonymity provided by the internet is one of the main reasons for the children of these days turning to it for information. The risk of embarrassment and confrontation is negated behind the blinds of the computer screen. The extreme nature of some of the sexual content available causes students to misinterpret many things they see online and mislead them into thinking about the prevalence of some activities in real life. The media as a whole provides a picture that is far detached from the problems of real life and it has been shown that many teenagers strive to achieve that level of unnaturalness in their lives. Patterns of Sexuality Communication Between Preadolescents and Their Mothers and Fathers This was a study conducted to examine the extent of communication and the patterns of communication in various families between preadolescents and their parents. Each member of the triad completed a 10-item measure of communication about risk factors for sexual activity, sexual communication, and sexual risk prevention. A majority of parents and their preadolescents reported communication had occurred about most topics. Mothers and fathers were equally likely to communicate with sons whereas mothers were more likely to communicate with daughters than were fathers. Based on the study results, preadolescence may be the optimal time for parents to provide sexual risk prevention messages to their children before sexual behaviors are initiated. Parents and other family members play critical roles in shaping adolescent sexual behavior through their parenting practices, sexuality communications, and modeling of risk reduction strategies. Greater parental monitoring and less parental permissiveness are consistently related to later sexual initiation, less frequent sexual intercourse, less risky sexual behavior, fewer sexual partners, less pregnancy, and increased condom use among teens. The study found that overall, most preadolescents and their parents report that they have talked about risk factors, sexuality education and sexual risk prevention topics. The parents and the children were more prone to discuss topics like drug abuse and alcohol with their children than other sexual topics. You read "Influence of Internet on Family Communication About Sexuality" in category "Family" Discussion about condoms and abstinence were least reported. Looking at the study gender-wise, we see that boys have discussed their sexuality with both the parents to the same level and have reported doing so. In the case of daughters, the patterns show that they tend to go to their mothers more for information about sexuality. Dad-daughter pairs rarely reported discussing sexuality, menstruation and puberty. Preadolescents are the time of their lives when they internalize the messages they get from their parents. Children who have been educated at this time tend to not be affected peer relationships and the media as much as those who have not been. Children whose families communicate with each other abstain from risky behaviors and have more tendencies to be less influenced by the outside media. Thus parents need to be encouraged to communicate with their children about sexuality rather than letting them search for information outside the family circle. It is better to communicate with children at the age when they are more receptive to family communication. Family Relations and the Internet: Exploring a Family Boundaries Approach Introduction of internet into the family environment can influence and change the way of life in a family. The increase in the use of internet in families has prompted many researchers to see how it can influence everyday life. Connection to the internet opens a window of information to families about parenting, child’s education and family health. Many studies have also stated that the frequent use of the internet by family members have cut into the time spent as a family. This results in a lack of communication among the family members which can cause the children to go after various other media to fulfill their curiosities and the need for information. Most parents view the internet as a positive force in the life of their children and buy them computers and connect them to the internet to help them better at school, to do more research and to learn new things. Teens don’t always use the internet to match their parent’s expectations and in these conditions the positive force can turn into a source of conflict in the families. Conflict, if not handled well, can lead to a lack of communication or miscommunication among the family members. This can lead to a lot of assumptions and misconceptions that can surface from a child’s limited view of the internet. Another argument against the use of internet is the large hole it cuts into the child’s available time. Internet use is time consuming and it has been found that internet use in high frequency is directly responsible for the negative effects on family communication and closeness. All this studies are based on the conception that the communication between the family members is a closed system and that the internet cuts a hole in this closed fence. Communication in a family isn’t always related to the use of internet in every family. Many other factors play into this scenario. The schedules of the whole family are important and should be considered when something like this is examined. Dysfunctional families do not need the internet as a hindrance for the lack of communication among its members. Before the advent of the internet, there did exist many families who did not communicate properly within. Even with these arguments in favor of the internet, its effect on the family can not be withheld. It has been shown that frequent internet visitors go there for social purposes and their personality characteristics are influenced by this and differ from normal. Adolescents who use the internet for social and entertainment purposes seem to have more conflict with their family than those who used it for educational purposes. On the whole, it can be seen that increase in the time spent on the internet has had a negative impact on the family time and a positive impact on the family conflicts. Thus, the internet is directly linked to the decrease in family cohesion due to lack of communication and time spent together. CONCLUSION The three articles come to a conclusion about the nature of the influence the internet provides on family communication. Internet is a very useful resource and source of information and we can never deny its importance in everyday life. But, when we consider its influence on the young minds, we need to think about the advantages and the disadvantages. Depending on the point of view of a person, the internet can be good or bad. From the articles we can see that the families who spend a lot of time on the internet do seem to have more communication dysfunction than those who spend less time. This can be due to two different reasons. Adolescents these days depend on many different sources of information available to them to teach them about their sexuality and sometimes these resources can point them in the wrong direction. Children who don’t have a good communication rapport with their parents at a young age usually don’t develop a good communication bridge with their parents when they get older and the peer relationships are stronger. Some of the messages put across by the internet are factually wrong or morally incorrect and many children accept this as the truth due to lack of communication with parents. This leads to development of wrong set of ideas and can lead to various risky behaviors in the sexual context. The excessive amount of explicit sexual content available on the internet can confuse the minds of teens and younger children alike and can lead to a state of mind in which many of the things depicted may seem natural for them. This again leads to risky sexual behavior. Another way the internet seems to affect the family communication is by cutting into the time spent as a family. This goes hand in hand with the earlier mentioned fact as this leads to lack of communication between the parents and the children leading the children to go elsewhere in search of advice or information. The whole thing works as a circle in which the increased use of internet by children has a negative impact on family communication about sexuality. But it has been shown that parents who communicated with their children at a young age make an impact in their receptive minds and can thus strengthen the bond between the members of the family. This can lead to open communication in a family and thus the children can be educated properly and correctly about the various aspects of sexuality. From this, we can come to the conclusion that early development of a good bond with parents and the control of the use of internet (among many other factors) can help children grow up to be sexually responsible adults. Since I am already an adult, I will use this information I have gained in the future with my family. Making sure to have an open and trustful bond with my children would be my primary objective when bringing them up. I will try to communicate better with my family in that way and can teach my children things that I myself have gone to various places to find. During the time I grew up, my main source of information on this topic was the internet and my peers which have led me to learn through trial and error which was risky and dangerous. I realized from writing this article that one of the causes of this was the internet and I will make sure that my children won’t have to repeat my mistakes. Also, on a broader view, communication is very important in getting any kind of point across to people and it is important to look for accurate information when trying to teach someone something. Depending on the internet is not always accurate and in the right point of view. Another thing that can be learned from this is that it is always important to take time to open communication channels and talk to people. Lack of communication can lead to lack of cohesion and more problems anywhere, be it work, family, friends, etc. BIBLIOGRAPHY Brown, J. (2002). Mass Media Influences on Sexuality. Journal of Sex Research, 39(1), 42-45. {text:bookmark-start} P {text:bookmark-end} Wyckoff, S. , Miller, K. , Forehand, R. , Bau, J. , Fasula, A. , Long, N. , et al. (2008). Patterns of Sexuality Communication Between Preadolescents and Their Mothers and Fathers. Journal of Child Family Studies, 17(5), 649-662. Mesch, G. (2006). Family Relations and the Internet: Exploring a Family Boundaries Approach. Journal of Family Communication, 6(2), 119-138. How to cite Influence of Internet on Family Communication About Sexuality, Essays

Advertisement Issued By Mojo Beverages Ltd-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Advise Mojo Beverage, explaining applicable legal principles and citing relevant authorities. 2.Advise Livestock Brokers as to the rights and liabilities of the parties in the light of the Commercial Interactions taken place between them. 3.Presume Livestock Brokers sent the fax on 14 June but because of a transmission error Dorper Sheep Sellers did not receive it. Advise Livestock Brokers in this circumstances. 4.Advise Stuart, with reference to the relevant principles. Answers: 1.In this part of the assignment, the issue that arises on the basis of the facts given in the first question is if the advertisement issued by Mojo Beverages Ltd. is enforceable under the law against the company, keeping in view the rules of contract law and if Ben can enforce this promise against the company. This issue arises due to the fact that a promise had been made by Mojo Beverages Ltd. According to this promise, the company stated that it will give a price of $100,000 to any person who catches the fish named Lord Harry. This fish was tagged and released in the lake by the company. When this fish was caught by Ben, he wanted to claim the prize. However, the company told Ben that the amount of the price had been erroneously mentioned as $100,000, while actually the company meant $1000 as prize money. To sort out the issue mentioned above, it needs to be seen if the advertisement of the company was an offer under the contract law or if it was merely an invitation to treat. According to the principles of contract law, a significant difference exists between an offer an invitation to treat (Atiyah, 2000). It is provided under the contract law that when the offer is accepted by the other party, it results in the formation of a legally enforceable contract. On the other hand, generally the companies engage in a lot of puffery in their advertisements. Therefore, in case of the claims mentioned in advertisements, it is not easy to point out responsibility (Beatson, Burrows and Cartwright, 2010). Therefore, usually advertisements are not treated as offers by the contract law. However in Carlill v Carbolic Smokeball Co. (1892) a different conclusion was made by the court. In this case, the issue was that an advertisement had been issued by the company. According to this advertisement, a r eward of 100 was announced if anybody contracted influenza even after using these smoke balls. In order to establish the serious intention of the company, 1000 were deposited in the bank. Mrs. Carlill also read the regarding this offer, made in the advertisement. She used the smoke balls according to the instructions given by the company still she contracted influenza. Therefore, she claimed the reward of 100. The company refused to pay the prize money. In its defense, the company claimed that the advertisement cannot be treated as an offer, but it was merely an invitation to treat. However, the court did not accept this argument. Therefore, it held that a valid contract existed between the parties. Regarding the argument of the defendant company that the contract was greeted with the whole world and therefore it was not possible to enter into a contract with the whole world, the court expressed the opinion that the contract was not formed with the whole world but only the offer has been made to the whole world. The contract would only be created with the persons who fulfill the requirements declared in the offer. In view of the rules of contract law that have been discussed above, in the present isssue also it can be concluded that the advertisement issued by Mojo Beverages Ltd. can be treated as an offer that has been made to the world at large. However, the contract will only be created with the person who succeeds in catching the fish, Lord Harry. Ben knew regarding the offer made by the company. Although there were certain rumors that the prize, stated in the advertisement, was mistakenly stated as $100,000, while in reality, the company had the intention of paying $1000. Even if the rumors were correct and the company indeed wanted to pay $1000 only as reward, but before Ben could know the reality, he had caught. The fish and claimed the prize money. In this way, Ben had completed all the requirements mentioned in the advertisement. As a result, a legally enforceable contract is formed between Ben and the company. Even if the advertisement amounted to the offer to the world at large, the contract would be produced only with the person who fulfills the stipulation stated in the advertisement. In this case, Ben fulfilled these conditions as he succeeded in catching the fish, Lord Harry. As a result, it can be stated that a valid contract is present between Ben and Mojo Beverages Ltd. Therefore, the company is bound to pay $100,000 to Ben. 2.In the second question, after considering the given facts, the issue arises if the letter of Dorper Sheep Sellers Pty Ltd was an offer. Similarly, it also needs to be decided if the rules of contract law allow Livestock Brokers to agree to this offer after six months. Generally, the issue of the formation of a contract between the parties is analyzed on the basis of offer and acceptance. Hence, a party makes an offer, and the other needs to accept the offer. This results in a legally binding contract between the parties. If the other essentials that are considered necessary for this purpose are present. In the same way, a significant role is played by the difference existing between offered an invitation to treat (Atiyah, 1990). To be treated as an offer, it has to be wnshoed that the party had the intention of being bound by the terms of the offer. The relevant case in this regard is that of Harvey v Facey (1893). Hence the facts of this case need to be discussed briefly. Harvey sent a telegram to Facey in which it was asked, "Will you sell Bumper Hall Pen? Telegram lowest cash price". It's reply, Facey stated that the lowest price for Bumper Hall Pen is going to be 900. Harvey stated that they were ready to buy Bumper Hall Pen at this price. The issue was if a contract has been formed between the parties. The Privy Council decided that a valid contract was not formed. Reason given by the court in favor of its verdict was that a direct answer was not given to the first question by Facey, in which it was asked if he was ready to sell. Therefore the court stated that the lowest price mentioned in the reply was the answer to requests for information. Hence it was not an offer. No evidence was presented to suggest that Facey intented its reply to be an offer. The contract law also states that once an offer has been made, such party can withdraw the offer at any time before its acceptance (Dickinson v Dodds, 1876). In case a particular deadline has not been decided by the parties to accept the offer, the law provides that the offer will be treated as being no longer available after the expiry of reasonable time. What can be treated as reasonable time depends on the contract's subject matter. After considering the rules mentioned above, in this case also Livestock Brokers informed that they are going to accept the offer. On the other hand, by this time Dorper Sheep Sellers had already sold the sheep to another party. Therefore, in this case, in view of the applicable rules, it can be stated that the letter of Dorper was an offer. But Livestock failed to accept the offer within reasonable time. In place of accepting the offer through mail, they sought more information when they sent a fax asking if the sale was to be completed on general terms. Such letter cannot be considered as the acceptance of offer. Therefore, when Livestock decided that it was going to accept the offer, the flock of sheep had already been sold to another party. As in this case, there was no contract created between the parties, Dorper cannot be prevented from selling the sheep to another party. 3.If it is assumed that Livestock Brokers have accepted the offer on 14th of June, and a fax was sent by them to Dorper by the facts could not be received by Dorper as a result of transmission fault, it needs to be stated in this case that the postal rule of acceptance does not apply in a case where instantaneous mode of communication has been used by the parties (Collins, 2003). In this situation, it is provided by the postal rule that the acceptance will be considered as complete when the letter of acceptance is placed in mailbox. However in this case, this rule cannot be applied and as a result, the general rule has to be applied. According to the general rule, the offer is considered to be accepted only when acceptance is conveyed to the other party. On these grounds, it can be concluded in this question that a contract was not present between livestock Brokers and Dorper. 4.It has to be seen in this question, if a part payment of debt can become good consideration in support of the promise of relinquishing the remainder sum. The relevant rule in this context is mentioned in Pinnel's case (1602). According to this rule, the part payment of debt cannot be treated as good consideration for the promise according to which the remaining sum is given up. This rule can be explained with the help of following example. If owes $50 to B, and a promise is made by B to accept $25 as the complete satisfaction of debt on due date, in such a case, B is not prevented by the law to claim the rest of the amount later on. Reason behind this rule is that A has not provided any consideration to support the promise made by B. Hence, A was already under contract to pay the full amount. A similar decision has been given by the court in Stilk v Myrick (1809). Another purpose behind this rule is to guard the creditors against economic duress on part of the debtors. The brief facts of this case are that Cole was in debt of 8.50 to Pinnel, which had to be paid on 11 number. On a request by Pinnel, an amount of 5.11 was paid to Cole. It was mentioned by Pinnel that this money was going to be the complete satisfaction of the debt. But later on Pinnel sued Cole for the balance amount. After going through the facts, it was decided by the court that the part payment made by Cole was not consideration. Hence, it was stated by the court that the agreement to accept part payment will be binding for the parties only if the debtor had supplied fresh consideration at creditors request. A relevant case is that of Foakes v Beer (1884). In this case, a judgment was obtained by Mrs. Beers against Dr. Foakes. Therefore, a request was made by Dr. Foakes, seeking some time to pay the amount. Under these circumstances, a promise was made by Beers. According to this promise, she assured that she was not take action if Foakes paid 500 at once and became ready to pay the rest of the amount in 150 installments. Foakes agreed and did the same. However, interest is also payable on judgment debts. Therefore, Mrs. Beers decided to claim interest. In this case, the House of Lords concluded that Mrs. Beers cannot be refrained from claiming interest. The reason given by the court in support of this decision was that consideration has not been provided by Foakes to support the promise made by Beers. Hence, it was decided that the promise could not be enforced against Beers. In view of the rules discussed above, it can be concluded that in the present case, the promise made by Westphalia Marts Pty Ltd. that it will accept reduced rent of $700 is not supported by any consideration. Hence, it can be concluded that Westphalia can claim the deficit of $300 from Stuart. Similarly the supermarket can also ask Stuart to pay rent at the rate of $1000 per week. Therefore, the advice is that the promise made by Westphalia, cannot be enforced against the supermarket because there is no consideration for supporting the promise. References Atiyah, P.S. (1990) Essays on Contract, Oxford University Press, New York Atiyah,P.S.(2000)An Introduction to the Law of Contract, Clarendon Beatson, J. Burrows A. and Cartwright, J.(2010) Anson's Law of Contract, 29th edn OUP Collins,H. (2003)Contract Law in Context4th Ed. CUP Case Law Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1892] EWCA Civ 1 Harvey v Facey [1893] UKPC 1 Foakes v Beer (1884) 9 App Cas 605 Stilk v Myrick [1809] EWHC KB J58 Pinnel's Case (1602) 5 CoRep 117a Dickinson v Dodds (1876) 2 Ch. D. 46

The Political Struggles of the Jacksonian Era Essays -

Throughout the period of 1820-1830, Jacksonian Democrats created a vastly popular political party. They were, of course, led by Andrew Jackson, a war hero and a man of the people. Jackson's followers who created the party were also "for the people." Such ideals were shown throughout various times within the period. The democrats were essentially guardians of the United States Constitution and, similarly, were protectors of individual liberties. In addition to this, the Jacksonian Democrats promoted political democracy, and also the equality of economic opportunity. Thus, the Jacksonian Democrats clearly served as protectors of the people, their individual liberties, their Constitution, their economic opportunities and their political democracy. Throughout the 1820's to 1830's, Jacksonian Democrats took large strides in political democracy and individual liberty. The major parties were the Democratic Party, led by Andrew Jackson. The Whig Party, a coalition of National Republicans, an d other opponents of Jackson, led by Henry Clay, along with Daniel Webster Minor parties that operated included the Anti-Masonic Party and the Liberty Party were the other parties fighting for the vote of the American people. The Second Party System reflected and shaped the political, social, economic and cultural atmosphere of the Jacksonian Era. Meanwhile economic modernizers, bankers, businessmen, commercial farmers, many of whom were already National Republicans, and Southern planters angry at Jackson's handling of the Nullification crisis were mobilized into a new anti-Jackson force; they called themselves Whigs. In the northeast, a moral crusade against the highly secretive Masonic order developed into a regular political party, the Anti-Masons, which soon combined with the Whigs. Jackson fought back by aggressive use of federal patronage, by timely alliances with local leaders, and with propaganda that identified the Bank and its agents as the greatest threat to the republica n spirit. Eventually his partisans called themselves "Democrats." The Democrats used speeches and print that alleged the Whig programs that would fatten the rich; the tariff would be for revenue only and did not to grow the manufacturing. Whigs argued that banks and paper money were needed. Public works programs to build roads, canals and railroads would give the country the infrastructure it needed for fast development the Whig Party stated. The Democrats didn?t want a complex change; they wanted more farms for regular people and planters to raise the families in the good old traditional style. More land was needed for that to happen, so they pushed for expansion south and west. Jackson conquered Florida for the US. At this time, the members of the party basically had one overwhelmingly large task on their minds: equal protection and equal benefits to all white male citizens and also, to prevent favoritism towards a specific region or class. Clearly, these ideals reflect what a dem ocrat really is, someone looking for equal rights for all. Of course, in this case, that only applied to white men. This ideal that the democrats always tried to follow was reflected in a variety of different situations throughout the decade. The Jacksonian Democrats were at first strongly against the concept of a spoils system, which gave political positions to people, not solely based on whether they were qualified, but rather, because of their privileged place in society. They believed that a man should always earn their job rightfully. Thus, through this ideal, the democrats provided a more equal political opportunity for all qualified men. The Jacksonian Democrats immediately took action by replacing the aristocrats in the government who enjoyed such a status for no good reason. They set out to form a system which would rotate different people in and out of these jobs. However, the Jacksonians wound up using the spoils system to elect members of their party. By doing this, they had a larger influence in government and could more easily pass laws to help the people. Jackson and his followers were always interested in the rights of the people of the United States. Therefore, when the United States found itself within the Nullification Crisis, Jackson responded immediately and with a just cause. While a threat of rebellion rose in South Carolina, Jackson threatened to send down an army to quash it, before further harm was done. This proves how dangerous nullification could be

Free Essays on The Devolution Of Human Civility At Corcyra

The Devolution of Human Civility at Corcyra â€Å"In 427, the tension in Corcyra erupted in open civil war between democrats and oligarchs.† (89, Thucydides) Thus begins Thucydides description of the civil war at Corcyra, an island off the coast of western Greece. Thucydides focuses on the different attitudes that were prevalent in Corcya during the course of the war. The civil war at Corcyra caused democrats and oligarchs to change from being relatively civil with each other to become savage, cruel, and anarchistic. As the Corcyrean oligarchs called upon the Spartans for aid and the democrats called in the Athenians, both sides gained confidence in their respective efforts, the latter gaining more confidence with their stronger ally. The war that ensued was all but chaos. Thucydides’ chapter on Corcyra is littered with phrases like â€Å"The Corcyreans went on killing as many of their own people as they took to be their enemies.† (90, Thucydides) New mentalities were adopted that could only be described as savage. People’s perceptions of each other devolved from cultured to almost barbaric. â€Å"Ill-considered boldness was counted as loyal manliness; prudent hesitation was held to be cowardice in disguise, and moderation merely the cloak of an unmanly nature.† (90-1, Thucydides) Actions or attitudes that did not display immediate and obvious support for one’s party was ridiculed, while rashness and anger were seen as masculine and admirable. â€Å"Sudden fury was accepted as part of manly valor, while plotting for one’s own security was thought a reasonable excuse for delaying action. A man who started a quarrel was always to be trusted, while one who opposed him was under suspicion.† (91, Thucydides) Every refined human emotion seemed to have the opposite effect in Corcyra during the civil war. Lines were drawn within the groups of oligarchs and democrats. All were expected to work for their alliance thinking in terms o... Free Essays on The Devolution Of Human Civility At Corcyra Free Essays on The Devolution Of Human Civility At Corcyra The Devolution of Human Civility at Corcyra â€Å"In 427, the tension in Corcyra erupted in open civil war between democrats and oligarchs.† (89, Thucydides) Thus begins Thucydides description of the civil war at Corcyra, an island off the coast of western Greece. Thucydides focuses on the different attitudes that were prevalent in Corcya during the course of the war. The civil war at Corcyra caused democrats and oligarchs to change from being relatively civil with each other to become savage, cruel, and anarchistic. As the Corcyrean oligarchs called upon the Spartans for aid and the democrats called in the Athenians, both sides gained confidence in their respective efforts, the latter gaining more confidence with their stronger ally. The war that ensued was all but chaos. Thucydides’ chapter on Corcyra is littered with phrases like â€Å"The Corcyreans went on killing as many of their own people as they took to be their enemies.† (90, Thucydides) New mentalities were adopted that could only be described as savage. People’s perceptions of each other devolved from cultured to almost barbaric. â€Å"Ill-considered boldness was counted as loyal manliness; prudent hesitation was held to be cowardice in disguise, and moderation merely the cloak of an unmanly nature.† (90-1, Thucydides) Actions or attitudes that did not display immediate and obvious support for one’s party was ridiculed, while rashness and anger were seen as masculine and admirable. â€Å"Sudden fury was accepted as part of manly valor, while plotting for one’s own security was thought a reasonable excuse for delaying action. A man who started a quarrel was always to be trusted, while one who opposed him was under suspicion.† (91, Thucydides) Every refined human emotion seemed to have the opposite effect in Corcyra during the civil war. Lines were drawn within the groups of oligarchs and democrats. All were expected to work for their alliance thinking in terms o...

Marketing Analysis for Acer Hi-Fi System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Analysis for Acer Hi-Fi System - Essay Example Acer has been known for a long time as electronic producing company especially computer products. Recently, the company has entered the music product industry where its asserting is presence in the market by introducing unique and superior products in the market, hi-fi clear system being one of such products. To assert its presence in the music industry, Acer has embarked on market analysis mission for its hi-fi music system for business growth and increase in its market share. 2.0 Situational Analysis/ Opportunity Identification Situational analysis and opportunity analysis involves a clear definition of opportunities available to an organization’s operating environment both internally and externally and the challenges thereof (Stevens, Sherwood and Dunn, 1993, 7). This helps the managers to make appropriate strategic decisions to tap into the opportunities and overcome the challenges present. 2.1 Market Analysis Given that Acer group of companies has a global presence, it ha s a market potential to market its Acer hi-fi system to over 300 million middle and upper income class who forms its target market. This market segment has a higher purchasing power and superior tastes for high quality products. In addition, this market segment comprises technology literate individuals who are quick to adopt and use the product. Buyer behaviour shows a strong peer influence and appeal for quality features. Acer’s market intelligence shows that majority of the target customers have had experience with other Acer products in the past a factor the company seeks to utilize to capture a sizeable market share. Initial sales figures show that the company has the potential to grow its market share in this market segment given the unique and superior quality of its product. 2.2 SWOT Analysis The analysis process involves a critical review of the strengths and weaknesses focusing on internal factors on one hand and opportunities and threats addressing the external fact ors (Cheverton, 2004, 84). Detailed SWOT analysis is presented in the table below; Internal Factors Strengths Weaknesses Product offerings Capable of connecting to all of the devices on your home network and devices Unique sound quality and affordable Largely unknown compared to competitor brands Somehow sophisticated to some customers Acer brand Known for its quality Producer of affordable goods Not ranked among the top electronic companies Positioning problem Management Experienced in new product development and marketing strategies Understands the target market’s purchase behaviour patterns Slow to react to changes in customer demand Organizational structural challenges Market Huge global market of over 300 mn customers Better product adoption among target customers Strong tastes and preferences Rapid changes in demand Low adoption rates in some markets Human Resources Skilled manpower with strong product development, financial and marketing skills High turnover Financial considerations Revenue estimates are good given the margin/product Low cost of production ROI very promising Rising cost of raw materials and energy R&D Competent R&D teams Rapid dynamism in the music industry Capital and time intensive External Factors Opportunities Threats Consumer market High purchasing power Technologically savvy Rapid changes in tastes and

Atrial Fibrillation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

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Concept of Servant Leadership Overview and Analysis

Concept of Servant Leadership Overview and Analysis A new moral principle is emerging which holds that the only authority deserving ones allegiance is that which is freely and knowingly granted by the led to the leader in response to, and in proportion to, the clearly evident servant stature of the leader. Those who choose to follow this principle will not casually accept the authority of existing institutions. Rather, they will freely respond only to Individuals who are chosen as leaders because they are proven and trusted servants. To the extent that this principle prevails in the future, the only truly viable institutions will be those that are predominantly servant-led. ~ Robert K. Greenleaf Introduction In the current environment, confidence has been shaken in business leadership (i.e Enron,Worldcom Anglo), such that interest has been increasing in the development of leaders who set aside self-interest for the betterment of their followers and organisations (Goleman et al, 2005). Bennis (2002, p. 105) stresses that leaders must generate trust while others (Fayol, 1949; Ciulla, 1998) emphasise that leaders must practice management that does not violate moral principles. There are many concepts of leadership in the literature such as transformational, transactional, leader-member exchange (LMX), psychodynamic and servant leadership. These are just concepts and it is important to quickly discuss the differences and similarities of some of the more popular concepts from the point of view of servant leadership. Paterson Russell (2004) juxtaposed transformational and servant leadership and found that while there are many similarities between the two, it is the moral grounding of servant leadership which makes it distinctive. Conger (1990) argued that there can be a dark side to leadership. For example, leaders who are driven to accomplish their visions may ignore problems and misrepresent the realism of their visions. Clements and Washbush (1999) specifically assailed transformational leadership models for having overlooked potentially negative issues in leader-follower dynamics. Similarly, Kets de Vries (1993) cited personality problems that can lead to poor leader-follower relationships. For example, some leaders have narcissistic tendencies they thrive on power and enjoy manipulation. Some followers have dependent dispositions and form strong connections to leaders who satisfy their dependency needs (Kets de Vries, 1989). Such imperfect human tendencies can lead to problems among charismatic leaders and their followers. History is replete with examples of political, religious, business, and other charismatic leaders who have manipulated their followers. Charisma may have allowed them to ascend to leadership positions, but they ultimately used their charisma in oppressive ways. Of course, such leaders whose standards are poor really function outside the genre of the ideal transformational leadership paradigm. Since servant leaders do not rely on charisma, the risk of manipulation in this form of leadership comes from a different source. Servant leaders rely upon service, and in so doing, they endear the followers to the leaders in reciprocal relationships. Cialdini (2001) identified reciprocation as a primary means by which to influence people. According to the principle of reciprocation, when you do something for another person they are psychologically obliged to return the favour. Optimally, servant leaders have motives that have the best interest of others in mind. Therefore, they should develop a positive form of reciprocation whereby they encourage followers to respond not by serving the leader but by serving others. Of course, this law of reciprocity can potentially be used negatively. Persons, who seek to be servant leaders, but have poor motives, can take advantage of others by inducing them to return acts of service. Such self-centred service can rapidly degenerate into a form of manipulation that can be more subtly coercive than overt exploitive behaviour. However, those who use service for manipulative purposes abdicate the real responsibility of genuine servant leadership. Clearly, both transformational leadership and servant leadership, like other leadership models, have potentially negative aspects. Yet the benefits of the two concepts far outweigh their negative side (Patterson Russell, 2004). Servant leaders, however, derive influence from service itself. They develop relationships where followers are encouraged to follow their lead of service. Paterson et al, (2003) notes that servant-power is a category of influence outside the traditional kinds of power. Real servant hood is a leadership style that relies upon the influence of self-giving without self-glory. Some empirical evidence supports the distinctiveness of servant leadership from related leadership theories. For example, Ehrhart (2004) reported that servant leadership significantly predicted an additional 5% of the variance in employee commitment, 7% of the variance in satisfaction with supervisor, 4% of the variance in perceived supervisor support, and 8% of the variance in procedural justice above and beyond that of both leader-member exchange and transformational leadership. Similarly, Liden et al. (2008) reported that servant leadership behaviour explained variance in citizenship behaviour and in-role performance beyond that predicted by leader-member exchange and transformational leadership Liden et al (2008) evaluated the leadership style servant leadership which is based on the premise that to bring out the best in their followers, leaders rely on one-on-one communication to understand the abilities, needs, desires, goals, and potential of those individuals. With knowledge of each followers unique characteristics and interests, leaders then assist followers in achieving their potential. Servant leadership differs from traditional approaches to leadership in that it stresses personal integrity and focuses on forming strong long-term relationships with employees. It also is unique in that it extends outside the organization-servant leaders serve multiple stakeholders, including their communities and society as a whole (Graham, 1991) Neubert et al (2008) looked at the effects of servant leadership as a variable in the amount of regulatory focus the employee has. Their results supported the theory that servant leadership significantly induces promotion-orientated regulatory focus. Regulatory focus theory (RFT) stems from the notion that people are motivated to minimize discrepancies between actual and desired end states (i.e., seek pleasure) and maximize the discrepancy between actual and undesired end states (i.e., avoid pain) (Meyer, Becker, Vandeberghe, 2004, p. 996). The orientation toward seeking pleasure is considered a promotion focus, whereas the orientation toward avoiding pain is considered a prevention focus (Higgins, 1997). Compared with prevention-focused individuals, promotion-focused individuals are more likely to focus attention on (a) nurturance needs rather than security needs (Higgins et al., 1994), (b) hopes and aspirations rather than rules and responsibilities (Higgins et al., 1994), and (c) gains rather than losses (Shah, Higgins, Friedman, 1998). Paterson, Parolinni Winston (2003) have developed a working theory of servant leadership that creates a platform for more specific research by defining the values on which servant leadership is based values she calls the component constructs of leadership. In Pattersons view, popular leadership theories such as transformational leadership have not adequately explained the values for example, altruism that are sometimes demonstrated by leaders. According to Patterson and Russell (2004), Transformational leadership shows leaders focused on the organization, and is insufficient to explain behaviour that is altruistic in nature, or follower-focused; thus servant leadership theory, which is follower focused, explains such behaviour(p. 353). These virtues or morals are qualitative characteristics that are part of ones character, something that is internal, almost spiritual (Whetstone, 2001). Robert K. Greenleaf (1904-1990) is credited with initiating the servant leadership concept among modern organizational theorists. In Greenleafs (1977) opinion, leadership must primarily meet the needs of others. The focus of servant leadership is on others rather than upon self and on understanding of the role of the leader as a servant (Greenleaf, 1977). Self-interest should not motivate servant leadership; rather, it should ascend to a higher plane of motivation (Greenleaf, 1977). The servant leaders primary objective is to serve and meet the needs of others, which optimally should be the prime motivation for leadership (Russell and Stone, 2002). Servant leaders provide vision, gain credibility and trust from followers, and influence others (Farling et al., 1999). James Dittmar (2006) interviewed Larry Spears, the president CEO for the Greenleaf centre for servant leadership and concluded that Robert Greenleafs writings incorporated ten major attributes of servant leadership. These included: Listening; Empathy; Healing; Awareness; Persuasion; Conceptualization; Foresight; Stewardship; Commitment to the growth of people; and Building community. As you will see in the next section, certain dimensions of servant leadership can be observed in the workplace and has some have some academic grounding. Walumbwa et al (2010) conducted a detailed investigation of servant leadership, procedural justice climate, service climate and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). Their research looked at the extent to which servant leaders recognise their moral responsibility to the success of the organisation as well as the success of their subordinates, the organisations customers and other stakeholders. Their hypothesis that Servant leadership positively relates to organizational citizenship behaviour was supported as servant leadership significantly predicted OCB While servant leadership is an increasingly popular concept, throughout much of its history the concept has been systematically undefined and lacking in empirical support (Farling et al., 1999). In an attempt to give cohesion to the development of a theory, Russell and Stone (2002) established a practical model for servant leadership. They also identified functional and accompanying attributes of servant leadership Servant leadership dimensions According to Russell and Stone (2002) the servant leadership literature offers an inconsistent set of dimensions that define this construct and as a consequence, their exhaustive research was designed to define and validate the dimensions that constitute servant leadership as a construct. Based on their interpretation of servant leadership as well as existing taxonomies of servant they identified nine dimensions: Emotional healing-the act of showing sensitivity to others personal concerns Creating value for the community-a conscious, genuine concern for helping the community Conceptual skills-possessing the knowledge of the organization and tasks at hand so as to be in a position to effectively support and assist others, especially immediate followers Empowering-encouraging and facilitating others, especially immediate followers, in identifying and solving problems, as well as determining when and how to complete work tasks Helping subordinates grow and succeed-demonstrating genuine concern for others career growth and development by providing support and mentoring Putting subordinates first-using actions and words to make it clear to others (especially immediate followers) that satisfying their work needs is a priority Behaving ethically-interacting openly, fairly, and honestly with others Relationships-the act of making a genuine effort to know, understand, and support others in the organization, with an emphasis on building long-term relationships with immediate followers Servant hood-a way of being marked by ones self-categorization and desire to be characterized by others as someone who serves others first, even when self-sacrifice is required Their scale delivered a Cronbachs alpha = .8. Constructs of servant leadership According to Russell and Stone (2002) the following construct of servant leadership by Patterson (2003), were central to their servant leader dimension creation: Agapao love; a love derived from the virtues of their religious beliefs Acts with humility; Is altruistic; Is visionary for the followers; Is trusting; Is serving; and Empowers followers. Leadership in the African context Issah Huseini is Ghanaian in birth and has been living in Ireland for the last 12 years. A devote Muslim, his moral beliefs have been leveraged through his religious teachings. These unique characteristics will be discussed later however it is important to discuss leadership in the African and cultural context. To date, servant leadership has been discussed and described almost entirely in the American context (Farling et al., 1999). Unfortunately, there have been few efforts to examine the extent to which followers in the USA actually report having experienced servant leadership while working in a leader-follower relationship. Hale Fields (2007) explored the concept of servant leadership in a Ghanaian context and found that while there are many aspects of servant leadership that are similar to leader attributes that may be endorsed across cultures such as motive arousing, confidence building, team building and foresight, some differences among cultures may limit the extent to which the servant leadership approach is viewed as effective. For example, servant leadership often focuses on follower development with the intention of increasing follower capacity to exercise creative approaches and take on greater responsibilities at work. However, these efforts may be viewed as effective primarily in settings where the ability and willingness of followers to exercise initiative and direct their own activities is viewed as desirable (Fields et al., 2006; Hofstede, 2001). In more individualistic and lower power distance cultures such as the USA, leaders who help equip followers to take initiative and undertake cre ative solutions on their own tend to be viewed very positively (Hale Fields 2007). However, in higher power distance cultures, leaders whose followers take initiative on their own without waiting for explicit direction may be seen as weak leaders (Hofstede, 2001). In cultures which are more collective, followers may be not feel comfortable with leaders who emphasize follower individual initiative and creativity because these are viewed as being best accomplished through group discussion and decisions. Given the rich diversity of Sub-Saharan Africa, one must approach any generalization of cultural expressions with caution. However, some African scholars maintain that there are identifiable Sub-Saharan African cultural characteristics (Lassiter, 2000). Through his survey of numerous African thinkers, Lassiter (2000) organized these cultural characteristics into five broad categories: psychological characteristics society and the individual family and community worldview Response to foreign influences. Traditional Sub-Saharan African leadership centres on the concept of kingship. Masango (2003) points out that the hierarchy in African society is well defined, with the king at the top of the structure. However, kingship in pre-colonial times was not the autocratic dictatorship that appeared in the colonial and post colonial periods (Masango, 2003; Williams, 2003). Rather, in earlier periods, followers expected the king to function as a servant to the clan, tribe or community (Williams, 2003). In essence, the kingdom was more important than the king. Historical examples document the removal of kings who became a detriment to the kingdom (Williams, 2003). The king used influence to build consensus (Masango, 2003). Finally, the king was the religious leader and guardian of the kingdoms religious heritage (Williams, 2003). Leadership Trust in the not-for profit sector While the notion of trust is not exclusively attached to servant leadership and may be considered a key element in all leadership models, servant leadership has been particularly considered as strongly associated with trust (De Pree, 1997; Joseph and Winston, 2005; Russell, 2001), that is through servant leader exhibit and translate their personal integrity into organizational fidelity (De Pree, 1997, p. 127). Greenleaf (1977) maintained that trust is a building block for servant leaders, who in turn foster environments of trust. In their study of leaders in for-profit and not-for profit organizations in America and West Indies, Joseph and Winston (2005) reported positive correlation between employees perceived level of organizational servant leadership and leader trust, and between their perceived level of servant leadership and organizational trust. Relationships built on trust and services are the basis for the influence of servant leadership (Joseph and Winston, 2005). Greenleaf (1977) advanced that trust was central to servant leadership since leadership legitimacy begins with trust. He noted that the only sound basis for trust is for people to have the solid experience of being served by their institutions (p. 83). He asserted further that in servant leadership, leadership is bestowed upon persons who are trusted because of their stature as servants (p. 24). Servant leaders are trusted because they empathize with and fully accept followers (p. 35), because of their dependability, which results from their exceptional intuitive insight (p. 56), and because they lead by example (p. 342). Trust and respect are highest in circumstances where a community is created through service in which the liability of each for the other and all for one is unlimited (p. 52). Greenleaf (1977) posited that institutional trust is created when the ir trustees (leaders) reach distinction as servants who understand the institution and care for all the persons touched by it (p. 100). Greenleaf (1977) stated that leaders hold the responsibility for the level and type of institutional performance that would merit trust (p. 127-8). Therefore, from Greenleafs perspective, servant leadership is both a product and an antecedent of leader and organizational trust. This may be due to the fact that servant leadership increases perceptions of leader trustworthiness, which has a reciprocal relationship to leader trust. Interview Issah Huseini is CEO and one of the founding members of the grassroots charity the new communities partnership (NCP); an independent national network of 116 ethnic minority led groups comprising of 75 nationalities with offices in Dublin, Cork and Limerick. The mission of NCP is to be an effective network, representing and empowering ethnic minority-led groups, at all levels, in order to influence positive change in policies that impact on their lives. The flat structure of NCP is comprised in a flat manner which links in with ethnic led minority organizations (ELMO) communities such as the Afghan and Cameroon communities to provide support and training. There are now over 120 ELMO communities under the auspicious of the NCP (appendix B) which is supported by Russell Stones (2002) argument that building relationships is an important characteristic of servant leadership. One of NCPs mission statements is empowerment where We believe in our capacity to define our own needs, articulate our hopes and fears and represent ourselves locally, regionally and nationally (retrieved from http://www.newcommunities.ie/about/mission.html on January 5, 2011). I began by asking Mr. Huseini why he decided part company with Cairde and set up his own company the NCP. Mr. Huseini described that the reason was twofold. Firstly the degree of freedom and range of services were limited and they felt that they were not providing enough services to their ELMOs. This idea is supported by supported by Russell Stones (2002) assumption that creating value for the community by having a conscious, genuine concern for helping the community is a significant dimension of servant leadership. Secondly he illustrated the underlying worries that their clients held because as he put it: some of the people we work with are some of the most disadvantaged in society. Some of them are illegal and shouldnt even be here. We found that these people didnt trust us as they believed we were agents of the government. Certain constructs of servant leadership would support this statement as Patterson (2003) describes acting with humility, is trusting and is altruistic, whil e meeting the needs of others (Greenleaf, 1977). As a follow up question I asked what kind of services he expected to deliver and what he actually was giving to his clients. He began by explaining the power politics involved in working with such an institution (Cairde) was very frustrating. There were certain governmental regulations that narrowed the scope to which Cairde could deliver services. For example, they were very limited in how much involvement we could have in regards to immigration, visas, green cards etc and felt that they were not satisfying the needs of ELMOs. Again this fits in with various researchers positions that a core responsibility of servant leaders is to act and behave ethically (Russell Stone, 2002; Greenleaf 1977; Dittmar, 2006; Fayol, 1949). Continuing on from this Mr. Huseini explained the following services the NCP provides: capacity building in terms of forums, workshop, seminars and community cafes, training support for ELMOs both in terms of leadership training and media and training, secondary lobbying governments on issues of concern, conducting scholarly and legal research on topics of educations and law reform, advocacy services and many more day to day services that cannot be categorized. Paterson et als (2003) statement that: that servant-power is a category of influence outside the traditional kinds of power. Real servant hood is a leadership style that relies upon the influence of Self-giving without self-glory. (p. 280) would support this kind of multi-faceted support system. Moving away from the external stakeholders, questioning then focused on the internal dynamics of the organisation. In particular (after clarifying the meaning of regulatory focus) i asked him if he saw his employees tendencies to seek promotion was as a result of his leadership style or whether there was a degree of commitment in general to the organisation. Mr. Huseini contemplated this and explained that many of the employees were hired through employment schemes which were generally unpaid such as FAS and the Dublin city council. While at the same time he indicated that the office is so small that there was no opportunity for advancement although he did highlight that he thought he employees were generally committed to the cause. Therefore Neubert et als (2008) assertion employees promotion-orientated regulatory focus is because of the servant leadership nature of the organisation is not supported however the marginal declaration that his employees are committed to the company is supported by Ehrharts (2004) findings. Finally I wanted to establish if there was a spiritual or religiously underpinning to his leadership style. Mr Huseini concurred as he described how he started out as a taxi driver in Dublin and although he witnessed many activities he disapproved of he still maintained a level of honesty and integrity (Patterson Russell, 2004). He went on to describe how Islam has kept my head on my shoulders insisting that the laws of Muhammad have guided me through some difficult times. This statement is supported by Whetonsone (2001) as he describes these characteristics that are part of ones character, as something that is internal, almost spiritual. While Patterson concurs that Agapao love a love derived from the virtues of their religious beliefs are a construct of servant leadership.

Determination Of Water Crystalization Essay

I. Aim: To determine the formula of the hydrate of copper (II) sulfate. II. Hypothesis: Hydrates are ionic compounds that have a definite amount of water as part of their structure. The water is chemically combined with the salt in a definite ratio. Ratios vary in different hydrates but are specific for any given hydrate. In this experiment, the hydrate of copper sulfate has the formula CuSO4.xH20. When it is heated, the water is released as vapor and we can describe the reaction as below: Hydrate Anhydrous salt + Salt CuSO4.xH20 CuSO4 + xH20 The amount of water in the hydrate is determined by taking the difference between the mass of the hydrate before and after heated. Then, the percentage composition of water can be calculated basing on its mass. According to usual theory, hydrated copper sulfate has the following formula CuSO4.5H2O. Therefore, the result collected from the experiment should be x = 5. III. Equipment/Chemical: 1. Equipment: * 1 x Evaporating dish * 1 x Pipe-clay triangle * Some crucible tongs * 1 x Pressed fiber pad * 1 x Digital balance (uncertainty: à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.001g) * 1 x Spatula * 1 x Glass stirring rod * 1 x Bunsen burner * 1 x Tripod stand 2. Chemical: Hydrated copper (II) sulfate IV. Variables: * Independent: the mass of hydrated salt. * Dependent: the percentage composition of water in the hydrate. * Control: room temperature, capacity of fire gas, standard equipment. V. Method: 1. Clean and dry evaporating dish. 2. Set up a Bunsen burner under a tripod stand with a pipe-clay triangle on top. 3. Place the empty evaporating dish on the clay triangle and heat the dish with the hottest flame for 3 minutes. This is done to be sure that the dish is absolutely dry. 4. Use tongs to remove the dish from the clay triangle and then place it on a pressed fiber pad so that it can cool for several minutes. 5. Use a digital balance to determine the mass of the cooled evaporating dish. Record this mass to the same number of decimal places as the uncertainty of the balance (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0.001g), in other words, the measured mass will have 3 decimal places. Remember not to weigh the dish when it is hot because heat waves tend to be circular and upward, which tends to make objects appear to weigh less. 6. With the dish on the balance, put into it a specific amount of hydrated copper sulfate; make sure that the amount of hydrated copper sulfate is less than half full of the dish. Be sure the spatula is very clean to avoid contamination. Record the mass of the dish with the hydrate to the same number of decimal places as the uncertainty of the balance. 7. Place the dish on the clay triangle. Gently heat the dish by moving the burner bark and forth around the base. Increase the heat gradually. Avoid any popping and spattering. 8. Heat strongly for 5 minutes or until all of the blue color has disappeared. During the heating, a glass stirring rod should be used to spread the solid and break up larger portions of the hydrate. Be sure not to pick up any of the solid on the stirring rod. If the edges of the solid appear to be turning brown, remove the heat momentarily and resume heating with a cooler flame. 9. Allow the dish to cool for 2 minutes. Immediately find the mass of the dish with the anhydrous salt, and record the mass to the same number of decimal places as the uncertainty of the balance. The dish must be weighed before the compound reabsorbs water from the atmosphere. 10. Calculate the initial amount of hydrated copper sulfate before heated. Record the answer to the same number of decimal places as its calculated uncertainty. 11. Determine the amount of vaporized water. Record the answer to the same number of decimal places as its calculated uncertainty. 12. Then, the value of x can be found basing on the formula ratio. 13. When finish, the anhydrous salt can be thrown into the waste container and the evaporating dish washed.

Cultural Awareness Essay

Culture and the environment affect a business in many ways. Culture is not simply a different language, a different shade of skin, or different styles of food. Culture, and the environment in which you are a part of, affect the running of day to day business operations of all companies’ day in and day out. This paper will assess how Linda Myers, from the article, â€Å"The would-be pioneer,† (Green, S. , 2011) was affected by the huge culture shock of working for a global conglomerate from Seoul, South Korea. We will discuss what went wrong with Ms. Myers approach to business, Hofstede’s five dimensions of culture as it pertains to the article, and make some recommendations based on the author’s thoughts. Let’s first start by discussing how culture and environment affect management in an institution. A culture and its environment affect the operations of a business because that culture generates practices based on its environment. To clarify, how a business sets its policies is based on cultural exceptions, like politics, points of view, whatever is considered the â€Å"norm† for that environment. In many cultures, it is also safe to assume that women do not have the same pull as a man in charge. An example of how women are belittled can be women in Middle Eastern countries that are forced to wear veils to cover their faces and walk behind their husbands, not hand in hand like in Western cultures. Politics plays a huge part in how a company runs as well. If a country is firm in the belief that men are the only way to accomplish goals and run the government, then companies under that government will more than likely have the same approach. Many countries still believe that men are superior and don’t quite believe that women should be in the workplace. We have seen American culture change to where women successfully run businesses. These gender based assumptions are inadequate to reality, however, some countries still hold on to those beliefs. For Ms. Myers, being successful in America, did not translate to being successful in South Korea. Although she was an executive, she had many barriers that hindered her from adequately helping the company in the ways that she wanted. Hofstede’s Five Dimensions of Culture  Dr. Geert Hofstede created the first four dimensions of culture in the 1970’s after analyzing statistical data from IBM over the course of many years. In the 1990’s he created the fifth dimension after noticing specific cultural differences in Asian countries and their ties to Confucian philosophy. (www. mindtools. com) The five dimensions are as follows: Power/Distance (PD), Individualism (IDV), Masculinity (MAS), Uncertainty/Avoidance Index (UAI), and Long Term Orientation (LTO). I will only discuss a few of these as they seem more prominent to this case. First, let’s talk about the Power/Distance (PD) dimension as it pertains to Ms. Myers in South Korea. Power/Distance (PD), â€Å"refers to the degree of inequality that exists- and is accepted- among people with and without power. A high PD score indicates that society accepts an unequal distribution of power, and that people understand â€Å"their place† in the system. Low PD means that power is shared and well dispersed. † (www. mindtools. com) As an example from the article, Myers goes on to say, â€Å"there were basically four levels: VP, director, manager, and worker bee. You only talked to people at your level. SK Telecom boasted that they were one of the first Korean cultures to rid themselves of a strictly hierarchal form of running. However, Myers saw that although they said that, they did not embrace that to the fullest. Merely putting something on paper does not constitute practicing the said task. In order for the company to have abolished the hierarchal form of leadership, they would have needed to instill better practices and allow more input from all levels of the company. Masculinity (MAS) refers to how a society views/values the traditional aspects of male versus female roles. This dimension ascertains that men are in the positions of power and women are to be in the home, or hold less valuable roles in the workplace. This example is considered a workplace with high MAS. A workplace with low MAS is considered to have male and female positions; however, those positions work closely together and do not get in the way of the work environment. This traditional view was another obstacle in Ms. Myers’ venture in Korea. The company brought her in to fix their issues with cultural growth, but did not utilize her to the best of her ability. She failed to recognize that the Eastern culture she was working for, did not allow her to have a longer â€Å"leash† like the American/Western companies she had worked for in the past. Uncertainty/Avoidance Index shows how anxiety of workers affects the workplace. High UAI is considered looking for rules and regulations for all situations. There is no â€Å"grey† area and everyone is to operate exactly the same. Low UAI refers to there being less rule writing and more personal growth and interpretation of the conflict or decision. In this article, I would say that SK Telecom had a high UAI however; Ms.  Myers herself was a person working with low UAI. Her anxiety and how she approached situations was not in-tune with the policies and procedures of the company. There were cultural boundaries such as language and expectations that she did not know how to confront. Although she was qualified for the position, she really was not prepared well enough to meet the tasks and policies of the company based on her experiences. The last dimension that really applies to this case is Long Term Orientation or LTO. This refers to how a company values a member’s loyalty/seniority in the company. Men and long time employees have more pull in the workplace. I feel as though SK Telecom valued the opinions of those members who had been with the company for a substantial amount of time. Bringing an outsider in to work, did not work with how the company operated internally. SK Telecom had high LTO and again Myers’ internal operation was with low LTO, a promotion of equality, creativity and individualism. Conclusion In this paper I discussed, The Would-Be Pioneer by Green. We discussed how the cultural differences affected Ms. Myers and how different South Korea is compared to Western culture. We also covered the four of five Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions that applied to the article. We discussed Power/Distance, Masculinity, Uncertainty/Avoidance Index, and Long Term Orientation, all of the factors that played a part in Myers’ failure as a consultant with SK Telecom. In the future, for those who look to work abroad, we should study as much about the culture as possible. We need to understand as much as possible about the work environment in which we work, if we wish to succeed in a foreign government.